| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh 2 leg, foot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäðî 2 íîãà | face="Times New Roman Star"but (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (Abush., Sangl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 'groin' | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bud 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 297, ÝÑÒß 2, 280-281, Ëåêñèêà 282, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:(n)r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ice | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåä |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"boz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz, muz (Abush., MA, Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z | face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"mus |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buza"k | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"mu:s, bu:s | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bod| | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 389, ÝÑÒß 2, 238-239, Ëåêñèêà 17-18, TMN 2, 336, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bur/- / *bor/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to damage, destroy | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðè÷èíÿòü âðåä, ðàçðóøàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"puz- | face="Times New Roman Star"poz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"pus- | face="Times New Roman Star"puza- | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- | face="Times New Roman Star"puz- ( < Ogh.?) | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bus- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"bod|- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (T,H,K) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 389, VEWT 91, TMN 2, 337, Ôåäîòîâ 1 404, Åãîðîâ 150, ÝÑÒß 7. -s- in Chuv. may be explained either as a loan from Kypch. or as a reflex of the old cluster -r/s- (Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 98). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to beat, hit 2 to attack, rob 3 chisel 4 hack, hoe, hatchet 5 to chop 6 to scythe, mow 7 to dig 8 to break 9 sharp 10 scythe 11 to whet, sharpen (a scythe) 12 metal shavings after forging 13 trap 14 whetstone for sharpening scythes 15 to whip 16 to hack, adze 17 shavings 18 booty 19 currycomb | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áèòü, óäàðÿòü 2 íàïàäàòü, ãðàáèòü 3 ðåçåö 4 ìîòûãà, òÿïêà, ñå÷êà 5 ðóáèòü 6 êîñèòü 7 êîïàòü (êåòìåíåì) 8 ðàçëàìûâàòü 9 îñòðûé 10 êîñà 11 òî÷èòü (êîñó) 12 îáñå÷êè ìåòàëëà ïðè êîâêå 13 êàïêàí 14 áðóñîê äëÿ òî÷êè êîñ 15 õëåñòàòü 16 òåñàòü 17 ñòðóæêà 18 äîáû÷à, òðîôåé 19 ñêðåáíèöà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 2, c?apla 3, c?apa 4, c?apak 12 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap/b- 5, 6, 1, c?apqy 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, 2 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?o|p- 5, 7, c?o|pqi 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, 6, c?apqu 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?a'p- 1, 5, 8 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, 2, c?apGy 4, c?apGyr 9 | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- 1, 5, 6, saxpy, sapxy 10 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap- 1, 6, s?apqy 13 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, 6, c?apqy 10, 13 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"s/up- 1, 11, s/opkas/ 14 | face="Times New Roman Star"saba:- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap- 1, 2, s?ap-ta- 15 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap-ty 17, s?apty-la- 16 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap/b- 5, 7, 1, c?apqy 4, 10 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap/b- 5, 6, 2, s?apqy 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap/b- 5, s?apqy 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"sap/b- 6, 5, 1, sapqy 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ab- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?apanaq 18 | face="Times New Roman Star"cap- 1; c?ap- 1, 5, c?apa 19 | face="Times New Roman Star"s?ap/b- 5, 6, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap-, c?a'- 1 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- 5, c?apg|y 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99, EDT 394, Åãîðîâ 203, 219, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 85, 137-8, Àøì. XII, 247-249. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 peace 2 people, country | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìèð 2 íàðîä, ñòðàíà | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"el 1, 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"il, el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il (AH), el (Abush., Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il, a"l 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i:l 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jal 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"il 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iel 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"el 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 121-122, VEWT 39, TMN 2, 194, ÝÑÒß 1, 339-343, Åãîðîâ 352, Ëåêñèêà 316. The meaning "peace" attested in MK is probably the most archaic (cf. the external parallels; typologically cf. also Slavic *mirú 'peace' > 'world'), suggesting a development *'peace' > 'peaceful people, realm, country'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to go down | face="Times New Roman Star"ñïóñêàòüñÿ, èäòè âíèç | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, dial. en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in-, in|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- (MA, IM, Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"i:n- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.n- | face="Times New Roman Star"an- | face="Times New Roman Star"enie |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en-, dial. en|- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"in- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jin- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- | face="Times New Roman Star"en- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"in- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 353-354, Åãîðîâ 26. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"breadth, width | face="Times New Roman Star"øèðèíà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"in| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"a"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"i:n | face="Times New Roman Star"in |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"n, ha":n | face="Times New Roman Star"an | face="Times New Roman Star"ien | face="Times New Roman Star"ien |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"in| | face="Times New Roman Star"en |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 165, VEWT 43, ÝÑÒß 1, 352, Åãîðîâ 26, Stachowski 122. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Erin | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"lip | face="Times New Roman Star"ãóáà | face="Times New Roman Star"erin (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"erin (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"erin (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iri>n | face="Times New Roman Star"iren (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"irin |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"iri>n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"a"`rin |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"erin 'chin' | face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"eri>n | face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"iri>n | face="Times New Roman Star"erin |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"erin |
| face="Times New Roman Star"erin | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 232-233, VEWT 48, ÝÑÒß 1, 292-293, Ëåêñèêà 226-227. See also notes to *Erneg 'edge'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"man | face="Times New Roman Star"ìóæ÷èíà | face="Times New Roman Star"er (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"er (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"ir | face="Times New Roman Star"er (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"r | face="Times New Roman Star"jer | face="Times New Roman Star"a"r 'husband' | face="Times New Roman Star"a":r | face="Times New Roman Star"ir | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"r | face="Times New Roman Star"ar | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"er |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ir | face="Times New Roman Star"er |
| face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"er adam | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 290-291, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*e:.r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to reach 2 to pass | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äîñòèãàòü 2 ïðîõîäèòü ìèìî | face="Times New Roman Star"er- (OUygh.) 1, er-t- (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eris?- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"er-, dial. e:r-, ir- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ires?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Pav. C., AH) 1, ert- (CCum.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"eris?- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"irt- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ert- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dial. eris?- 1, ert- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.r- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"irt- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"irde:- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ires?- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"er- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"eris- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 288-289, 303, Ôåäîòîâ 1,172-173. Ra"sa"nen (VEWT 46) connects also PT *eril/- 'to contest, challenge' (ÝÑÒß 1, 293-294) - which, together with Mong. *eri- 'to seek, search' (HY ere- `to hope'), should be rather kept apart (possibly a separate PA root *erV). Turk. > Hung. e/r- 'to reach', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*es | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 memory, mind 2 to pity, regret | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàìÿòü, ðàññóäîê 2 æàëåòü, ñîæàëåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 (KB), esirge- 2 (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 (AH, KW) | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"s 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"a"ksi (< a"s-ki) 'clever' | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"as 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"it| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"es 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 252, VEWT 49, 50, ÝÑÒß 1, 310, Åãîðîâ 33, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 61. Turk. > WMong. esi, Kalm. is? 'allowing, etiquette'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*et | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"meat | face="Times New Roman Star"ìÿñî | face="Times New Roman Star"et (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"et (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t | face="Times New Roman Star"jeht | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"t ( < Az.?) | face="Times New Roman Star"u"t | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"e't | face="Times New Roman Star"e't | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"it | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"jet' | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"a"ht | face="Times New Roman Star"et | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 52, EDT 33, ÝÑÒß 1, 311-312, Ëåêñèêà 455, Stachowski 48. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*er- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to be (aux.) | face="Times New Roman Star"áûòü (âñïîì.) | face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"er- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"i- | face="Times New Roman Star"i- (i-ken (perf.) 'it appears', i-mes? (evident.) '...says that it is') | face="Times New Roman Star"er- (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"e-, er-u"r (fut.) | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"er- | face="Times New Roman Star"i- | face="Times New Roman Star"er- | face="Times New Roman Star"i- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"a"r- (D. GCh 182) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"e-/er- | face="Times New Roman Star"e-/er- | face="Times New Roman Star"e-/ir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"i- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"i-/ir- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ir- (Kakuk 182) | face="Times New Roman Star"e- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 193-194, VEWT 46, ÝÑÒß 1, 218-220, Stachowski 42, 46. The verb frequently occurs as e-, without the final -r- (see ibid.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jyd | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"smell | face="Times New Roman Star"çàïàõ | face="Times New Roman Star"jyd (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jyd| (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ij |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ij |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jys |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syt | face="Times New Roman Star"hyt | face="Times New Roman Star"c?yt |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ij |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 883, ÝÑÒß 1, 380-382 (confused with *yjs), Stachowski 120. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*il(i)k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"front, before, East | face="Times New Roman Star"ïåðåä, âïåðåäè, âîñòîê | face="Times New Roman Star"ilki (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk | face="Times New Roman Star"i>li>k | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilk, ilki | face="Times New Roman Star"ilki |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ilga"r | face="Times New Roman Star"@l@k | face="Times New Roman Star"il-in, il-in| (ilik 'one who is not yet...') | face="Times New Roman Star"ilin; ilik 'not yet', iligine 'before' | face="Times New Roman Star"elek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i>li>k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jilk | face="Times New Roman Star"ilk |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 140, VEWT 170, ÝÑÒß 1, 347-350, Åãîðîâ 62-63, Stachowski 125. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*i:l/c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"work, deed | face="Times New Roman Star"ðàáîòà, äåëî | face="Times New Roman Star"is? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ys? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is, ys | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i:.s? | face="Times New Roman Star"@s/ | face="Times New Roman Star"i:s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s | face="Times New Roman Star"is | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"is |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 254, VEWT 174, ÝÑÒß 1, 395-396, Åãîðîâ 66. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*it- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to push, hit | face="Times New Roman Star"òîëêàòü, óäàðÿòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"it- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"i>t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"itar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ita"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"i>t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"it-, ijt- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it-, u"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i>jter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"jitir- | face="Times New Roman Star"it- | face="Times New Roman Star"ijter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 38, VEWT 174, ÝÑÒß 1, 386-387, Stachowski 129, 254. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r/ / *y:r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 trace 2 furrow | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëåä 2 áîðîçäà, ìåæà | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1, yzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"y:z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>s 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@r 1, júran 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"is 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1, yzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"i>d| 1, yd|an 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"yz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"jiz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz, yz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"iz 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"hyzan 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ÝÑÒß 1, 383-385, 646, 647, VEWT 175, Åãîðîâ 79, 75. There exists a verbal derivative *i:r/-te- 'to follow one's tracks', attested as iste- as early as in OUygh. (see EDT 243) and in many modern languages (see ÝÑÒß 1, 383); but simultaneously there is a variant *i:r-te- (with *-r/- > -r- according to Helimski's rule), attested already in MK (see EDT 208) and in Yak., Dolg. irde:-, see Stachowski 128. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to patch | face="Times New Roman Star"ëàòàòü, øòîïàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jama- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- (Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"nama- | face="Times New Roman Star"naba- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama-, d/ama- |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"sama:- | face="Times New Roman Star"hama:- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ama- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ama- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"zama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"jama- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 184, EDT 934-935, ÝÑÒß 4, 108, Stachowski 94. Turk. > WMong. z?|ama-, Kalm. zam@- (KW 466). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to cover; to close, shut (the door) | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîêðûâàòü; çàêðûâàòü (äâåðü) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (AH, Ettuhf., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jo|p- | face="Times New Roman Star"jap- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- | face="Times New Roman Star"c?ap- | face="Times New Roman Star"jap-, d/ap- |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"sap- | face="Times New Roman Star"hap- | face="Times New Roman Star"s?yp- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ap- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ap- | face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ap-, z?ap-, zap- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"z?ap- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"jap- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 187, EDT 870-871; ÝÑÒß 4, 127-128 (with a careful distinction of *jap- 'create, make' and *jap- 'cover'), Stachowski 96-97. Derivates mean 'cloth, covering' (see Ëåêñèêà 545). |
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